WO2_48_Zagar_Nashrullah_Restapi/main.go

package main

import (
	"crypto/rand"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"sync"
)

// Task represents a single to-do item.
// Exactly two fields as required by the assignment schema.
type Task struct {
	ID   string `json:"id"`
	Name string `json:"name"`
}

// store is a thread-safe in-memory collection of tasks.
type store struct {
	mu    sync.Mutex
	tasks map[string]Task
}

func newStore() *store {
	return &store{
		tasks: make(map[string]Task),
	}
}

// generateID creates a random hex string to use as a task ID.
func generateID() string {
	b := make([]byte, 8)
	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
		// Extremely unlikely, but fall back to something still unique-ish.
		return fmt.Sprintf("id-%p", b)
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", b)
}

func (s *store) create(name string) Task {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	id := generateID()
	// Guard against the (astronomically unlikely) case of a collision.
	for {
		if _, exists := s.tasks[id]; !exists {
			break
		}
		id = generateID()
	}

	t := Task{ID: id, Name: name}
	s.tasks[id] = t
	return t
}

func (s *store) list() []Task {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	// IMPORTANT: initialize as an empty slice, never a nil slice.
	// A nil slice marshals to `null`, an empty slice marshals to `[]`.
	result := []Task{}
	for _, t := range s.tasks {
		result = append(result, t)
	}
	return result
}

func (s *store) get(id string) (Task, bool) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	t, ok := s.tasks[id]
	return t, ok
}

func (s *store) update(id, name string) (Task, bool) {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	t, ok := s.tasks[id]
	if !ok {
		return Task{}, false
	}
	t.Name = name
	s.tasks[id] = t
	return t, true
}

func (s *store) delete(id string) bool {
	s.mu.Lock()
	defer s.mu.Unlock()

	if _, ok := s.tasks[id]; !ok {
		return false
	}
	delete(s.tasks, id)
	return true
}

// ---- HTTP helpers ----

func writeJSON(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, body interface{}) {
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(status)
	if body != nil {
		// Encoding a well-known struct/slice here never fails in practice,
		// so we don't need to handle an error beyond logging.
		if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(body); err != nil {
			log.Printf("failed to encode response: %v", err)
		}
	}
}

func writeError(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, message string) {
	writeJSON(w, status, map[string]string{"error": message})
}

type createOrUpdateRequest struct {
	ID   string `json:"id"`
	Name string `json:"name"`
}

// ---- Handlers ----

type api struct {
	s *store
}

// handleTasks handles requests to /tasks (no id).
func (a *api) handleTasks(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	switch r.Method {
	case http.MethodGet:
		writeJSON(w, http.StatusOK, a.s.list())
	case http.MethodPost:
		a.createTask(w, r)
	default:
		writeError(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, "method not allowed")
	}
}

// handleTaskByID handles requests to /tasks/{id}.
func (a *api) handleTaskByID(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	id := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/tasks/")
	id = strings.Trim(id, "/")
	if id == "" {
		writeError(w, http.StatusNotFound, "task id required")
		return
	}

	switch r.Method {
	case http.MethodGet:
		a.getTask(w, id)
	case http.MethodPut:
		a.updateTask(w, r, id)
	case http.MethodDelete:
		a.deleteTask(w, id)
	default:
		writeError(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, "method not allowed")
	}
}

func (a *api) createTask(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	var req createOrUpdateRequest
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
		writeError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid JSON body")
		return
	}

	// The client may not supply an id; if they do, it's ignored and
	// a fresh one is generated regardless.
	if strings.TrimSpace(req.Name) == "" {
		writeError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "name is required")
		return
	}

	t := a.s.create(req.Name)
	writeJSON(w, http.StatusCreated, t)
}

func (a *api) getTask(w http.ResponseWriter, id string) {
	t, ok := a.s.get(id)
	if !ok {
		writeError(w, http.StatusNotFound, "task not found")
		return
	}
	writeJSON(w, http.StatusOK, t)
}

func (a *api) updateTask(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, id string) {
	var req createOrUpdateRequest
	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
		writeError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid JSON body")
		return
	}

	if strings.TrimSpace(req.Name) == "" {
		writeError(w, http.StatusBadRequest, "name is required")
		return
	}

	t, ok := a.s.update(id, req.Name)
	if !ok {
		writeError(w, http.StatusNotFound, "task not found")
		return
	}
	writeJSON(w, http.StatusOK, t)
}

func (a *api) deleteTask(w http.ResponseWriter, id string) {
	if !a.s.delete(id) {
		writeError(w, http.StatusNotFound, "task not found")
		return
	}
	// 204 No Content: no body, no Content-Type needed (rubric excludes it).
	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
}

func main() {
	port := os.Getenv("PORT")
	if port == "" {
		port = "8080"
	}

	a := &api{s: newStore()}

	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.HandleFunc("/tasks", a.handleTasks)
	mux.HandleFunc("/tasks/", a.handleTaskByID)

	addr := "localhost:" + port
	log.Printf("Task Manager API listening on http://%s", addr)
	if err := http.ListenAndServe(addr, mux); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}